ABSTRACT
Aim: A research was done to understand importance of high blood pressure kidney disease in people who have long-term kidney problems but don’t have diabetes. The study involved 2750 patients with kidney disease who were chosen from 15 clinics where kidney problems are treated on an outpatient basis.
Methods: This means that the study involved a total of 1320 patients who had a main problem with their kidneys, 470 patients with a condition called HN, 290 individuals having kidney disease caused by diabetes (DN), and 653 patients with different types of kidney diseases (ONs). All of these patients had chronic kidney disease (CKD), which means their kidneys were not working well. They either had a consistently low level of a substance called estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), that measures kidney function, or they had protein in their urine, as detected by a simple test using a dipstick.
Results: The research looked at factors that increase the risk of heart disease, such as problems with the heart and stroke, as well as the risk of dying from any cause and kidney failure that requires dialysis. They used a statistical model to analyze these risks for each group of patients. Over an average period of 23.7 months, some patients could not be followed up, and some had to start dialysis. A total of 118 heart disease events (including 39 strokes) and 46 deaths occurred. The researchers found significant differences in the risk of heart disease events and death among the different groups of patients with different kidney diseases, even after considering other factors that could affect the results. The risk ratios were as follows: PRD, 1.0 (used as a reference); HN, 4.34 (with a 96% confidence interval of 1.83–6.07); DN, 5.94 (with a 3.81–13.53 confidence interval); and ON, 2.23 (with a 1.24–4.06 confidence interval). However, there were no differences in the risk of needing dialysis among the groups with different kidney diseases.
Conclusion: The research shows that people with high blood pressure kidney disease (HN) have a higher chance of experiencing heart and blood vessel problems and dying, especially if they don’t have diabetes. This emphasizes the importance of recognizing and treating HN in medical practice.
Keywords: Hypertensive Nephropathy (HN), chronic kidney disease (CKD), Non-Diabetic.