Abstract
Objectives: This systematic review examines the incidence, risk factors, and management of post-operative urinary retention (POUR) in elective total hip and knee replacement surgery over the last five years. POUR is a common complication of these surgeries, which can cause discomfort and prolong hospital stay.
Materials & Methods: Through comprehensive research of relevant databases, 8 studies published between 2017 and 2021 were identified and included in this review.
Results: The results showed that   urinary retention after surgery ranged from 3% to 43% with higher rates reported in males, patients with pre-existing urinary conditions, and those who received spinal anesthesia. Risk factors associated with POUR included age, BMI, surgery duration, and intraoperative fluid administration.
Conclusion:   In conclusion, POUR is a significant complication of elective total hip and knee replacement surgery, with a wide range of reported incidence rates. The identified risk factors and management strategies can help clinicians optimize patient care and minimize the risk of POUR. Further research is needed to standardize the diagnosis and management of POUR in this patient population.