ABSTRACT
Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been an integral component of the long-term management of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Understanding the impact of long-term development of cardiac risk factors, recurring clinical events, and cardiac medication on patients undergoing regular in-hospital CR is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of long-term development of cardiac risk factors, recurring clinical events, and cardiac medication on the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing regular in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation treatment.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 120 patients who underwent regular in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation from February 2023 to February  2024. Data on cardiac risk factors, clinical events, medication adherence, and patient outcomes were collected and analyzed. Statistical analyses included regression models to identify the relationships between these variables and patient outcomes.
Results: The study population consisted of 120 patients, with a mean age of 65 ± 10 years. The prevalence of major cardiac risk factors such as hypertension (70%), diabetes (45%), and hyperlipidemia (60%) was recorded. Recurring clinical events, including myocardial infarctions (10%) and hospital readmissions (15%), were observed. Adherence to cardiac medication was high (85%). The regression analysis indicated that poor control of hypertension and diabetes significantly increased the likelihood of recurring clinical events (p < 0.05). Regular in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation was associated with a significant improvement in functional capacity and quality of life (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: The study concluded that the long-term development of cardiac risk factors and recurring clinical events adversely affected patient outcomes despite high adherence to cardiac medication. Regular in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation played a critical role in improving functional capacity and quality of life among patients. Effective management of hypertension and diabetes is essential for reducing the risk of recurring clinical events in this population.
Keywords: Cardiac rehabilitation, cardiac risk factors, clinical events, cardiac medication, patient outcomes, hypertension, diabetes, functional capacity, quality of life.