ABSTRACT
Background: The occurrence of anemia is common in chronic kidney disease patients because their bodies produce insufficient erythropoietin for blood formation and face problems with iron metabolism. _IDA presents a major condition that increases CKD morbidity because it leads to unfavorable consequences for patient prognosis together with poor quality of life.
Aim: This study targets the evaluation of iron deficiency anemia risk together with its prevalence in chronic kidney disease patients as well as studies associated demographic and clinical risk elements.
Methods: The study was conducted at Ayub Medical Hospital in Abbottabad during twelve months from February 2024 to January 2025. The research study enrolled 100 patients who received medical diagnosis with different stages of CKD through consecutive sampling without probability selection. Research analysts measured the level of hemoglobin alongside serum ferritin and transferrin saturation and other essential hematological and biochemical parameters to assess anemia risks and iron status.
Results: The research revealed iron deficiency anemia in 68% of the 100 examined CKD patients. The participants were divided into males who accounted for 42% while females made up 58% of the group and most patients (63%) belonged to the age bracket of 51–70 years. The research revealed an important link between kidney disease stage and anemia prevalence (p < 0.05) because advanced stages of CKD showed higher incidences of anemia. Patients who maintained inadequate diets and used phosphate binders frequently developed iron deficiency.
Conclusion: A high rate of iron deficiency anemia affected patients with CKD particularly during their disease progression toward advanced stages. The clinical success and lifestyle quality in patients with CKD depends on early detection as well as universal iron deficiency management.
Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Hemoglobin, Serum Ferritin, Risk Factors, CKD Stages